1 Kings 18:33

Authorized King James Version

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And he put the wood in order, and cut the bullock in pieces, and laid him on the wood, and said, Fill four barrels with water, and pour it on the burnt sacrifice, and on the wood.

Original Language Analysis

וַֽיַּעֲרֹ֖ךְ And he put H6186
וַֽיַּעֲרֹ֖ךְ And he put
Strong's: H6186
Word #: 1 of 19
to set in a row, i.e., arrange, put in order (in a very wide variety of applications)
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 2 of 19
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
הָֽעֵצִ֑ים and on the wood H6086
הָֽעֵצִ֑ים and on the wood
Strong's: H6086
Word #: 3 of 19
a tree (from its firmness); hence, wood (plural sticks)
וַיְנַתַּח֙ and cut H5408
וַיְנַתַּח֙ and cut
Strong's: H5408
Word #: 4 of 19
to dismember
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 5 of 19
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
הַפָּ֔ר the bullock H6499
הַפָּ֔ר the bullock
Strong's: H6499
Word #: 6 of 19
a bullock (apparently as breaking forth in wild strength, or perhaps as dividing the hoof)
וַיָּ֖שֶׂם in pieces and laid H7760
וַיָּ֖שֶׂם in pieces and laid
Strong's: H7760
Word #: 7 of 19
to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)
עַל H5921
עַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 8 of 19
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
הָֽעֵצִ֑ים and on the wood H6086
הָֽעֵצִ֑ים and on the wood
Strong's: H6086
Word #: 9 of 19
a tree (from its firmness); hence, wood (plural sticks)
וַיֹּ֗אמֶר and said H559
וַיֹּ֗אמֶר and said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 10 of 19
to say (used with great latitude)
מִלְא֨וּ Fill H4390
מִלְא֨וּ Fill
Strong's: H4390
Word #: 11 of 19
to fill or (intransitively) be full of, in a wide application (literally and figuratively)
אַרְבָּעָ֤ה four H702
אַרְבָּעָ֤ה four
Strong's: H702
Word #: 12 of 19
four
כַדִּים֙ barrels H3537
כַדִּים֙ barrels
Strong's: H3537
Word #: 13 of 19
properly, a pail; but generally of earthenware; a jar for domestic purposes
מַ֔יִם with water H4325
מַ֔יִם with water
Strong's: H4325
Word #: 14 of 19
water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen
וְיִֽצְק֥וּ and pour H3332
וְיִֽצְק֥וּ and pour
Strong's: H3332
Word #: 15 of 19
properly, to pour out (transitive or intransitive); by implication, to melt or cast as metal; by extension, to place firmly, to stiffen or grow hard
עַל H5921
עַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 16 of 19
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
הָֽעֹלָ֖ה it on the burnt sacrifice H5930
הָֽעֹלָ֖ה it on the burnt sacrifice
Strong's: H5930
Word #: 17 of 19
a step or (collectively, stairs, as ascending); usually a holocaust (as going up in smoke)
וְעַל H5921
וְעַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 18 of 19
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
הָֽעֵצִ֑ים and on the wood H6086
הָֽעֵצִ֑ים and on the wood
Strong's: H6086
Word #: 19 of 19
a tree (from its firmness); hence, wood (plural sticks)

Analysis & Commentary

And he put the wood in order, and cut the bullock in pieces, and laid him on the wood, and said, Fill four barrels with water, and pour it on the burnt sacrifice, and on the wood.

This verse contributes to the broader narrative of elijah and the prophets of baal, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah confronting Baalism. The sacrificial system points forward to Christ's ultimate sacrifice, fulfilling all temple offerings (Hebrews 10:1-18).

The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kings' theological message about kingship, covenant, and faithfulness to Yahweh. This verse demonstrates the consequences when God's people—especially their leaders—either follow or forsake the covenant established at Sinai.

Historical Context

First Kings was written during or after the Babylonian exile (6th century BCE), reflecting on the monarchy period (10th-9th centuries BCE) to explain why the kingdoms fell. Elijah's ministry (c. 860-850 BCE) occurred during Ahab's reign, a time of intense spiritual crisis in Israel.

Ancient Near Eastern kingship ideology viewed kings as divine representatives responsible for maintaining cosmic order through right worship. Archaeological discoveries from sites like Megiddo, Hazor, and Samaria confirm the historical reliability of 1 Kings' descriptions of building projects and administrative structures.

Questions for Reflection

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